Identification of strains by microscopy and conventional biochemical tests
Culture of gastric biopsy on selective culture medium
Determination of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) by quantitative diffusion gradient test strips on isolates and susceptibility category interpretation according to EUCAST guidelines (last applicable version)
Identification of H. pylori and molecular identification of mutations conferring resistance to macrolides and fluoroquinolones using extraction of nucleic acid from shredded